Life Cycle of The Queen Bumblebee

There are more than 255 species of bumblebees worldwide. All share similar physical features: they are round and fuzzy insects with short wings which flap back and forth rather than up and down. Unlike honey bees, bumblebees are not aggressive, are unlikely to sting, and produce relatively little honey. Bumblebees are, however, major pollinators. Beating their wings as fast as 130 times per second, their large bodies vibrate very quickly. This movement releases pollen, helping crops to grow.  Ã‚   The health and well-being of a bumblebee colony depend very largely on the queen bee. The queen, alone, is responsible for bumblebee reproduction; the other bees in the colony spend the majority of their time caring for the queen and her offspring. Unlike honey bees, which overwinter as a colony by clustering together, bumblebees (Genus Bombus) live from spring to fall. Only the fertilized bumblebee queen will survive the winter by finding shelter from the freezing temperatures. She spends the long, cold winter hidden away alone.   The Queen Bumblebee Emerges In spring, the queen emerges and searches for a suitable nest site, typically in an abandoned rodent nest or small cavity. In this space, she builds a ball of moss, hair, or grass, with a single entrance. Once the queen has constructed a suitable home, she prepares for her offspring. Preparing for Bumblebee Offspring The spring queen builds a wax honey pot and provisions it with nectar and pollen. Next, she collects pollen and forms it into a mound on the floor of her nest. She then lays eggs in the pollen and coats it with wax secreted from her body. Like a mother bird, the Bombus queen uses the warmth of her body to incubate her eggs. She sits on the pollen mound and raises her body temperature to between 98 ° and 102 ° Fahrenheit. For nourishment, she consumes honey from her wax pot, which is positioned within her reach. In four days, the eggs hatch. The Queen Bee Becomes a Mother The bumblebee queen continues her maternal care, foraging for pollen and feeding her offspring until they pupate. Only when this first brood emerges as bumblebee adults can she quit the daily tasks of foraging and housekeeping. For the remainder of the year, the queen concentrates her efforts on laying eggs. Workers help incubate her eggs, and the colony swells in number. At the end of summer, she begins laying some unfertilized eggs, which become males. The bumblebee queen allows some of her female offspring to become new, fertile queens. The Bumblebee Circle of Life With new queens ready to continue the genetic line, the bumblebee queen dies, her work complete. As winter approaches, the new queens and males mate. The males die soon after mating. The new generations of bumblebee queens seek shelter for the winter and wait until the following spring to begin new colonies. Many species of bumblebees are now endangered. There are many possible reasons for this, ranging from pollution and habitat loss to climate change.

John Locke Human Knowledge And Ideas - 1993 Words

In this paper, I want to examine how philosophers, especially John Locke from his book Essay Concerning Human Understanding, understand human knowledge and ideas. We have all had experience of being unsure or mistaken about something: you think it s Wednesday when it is actually Thursday; you wonder whether he was wearing a red shirt or yellow yesterday. Sceptics argue that it is impossible to be certain about anything, arguing that if we can be deceived about such simple things, who can say that we are not mistaken more often than we think? On the other side of the discussion, various groups of philosophers have tried to prove that certainty is possible. Questions have been raised with regard to what is knowledge and can it be defined? What might have made us doubt our knowledge? Is it possible to justify our knowledge with experience? Some hold that certain principles and ideas were innate as they are present in all human minds. For instance, Descartes claims that mathematics is â€Å"certain and indubitable.† He stated that â€Å"whether I am awake or asleep, two plus three makes five, and a square has only four sides. † The point also holds for other ideas, such as the idea of God that he exists, is good and all-powerful. Yet Descartes view is questionable: if mathematical ideas were innate, wouldn t we already know the answers to complicated sums? Wouldn t math study be unnecessary, as such knowledge is born with us? If ideas such as God exists are innate, why doesn tShow MoreRelatedEssay on John Locke: Illuminating Path to Life, Liberty, and Property642 Words   |  3 Pagesprominent man by the name of Thomas Jefferson, were greatly influenced by the Enlightenment’s most profound philosopher, John Locke. Since the beginning of Enlightenment to the 21st century, Locke’s ideas have been behind countless innovators, philosophers, and politicians; including our very own Founding Fathers. From being an enlightened philosopher to creating bold, new ideas, John Locke is the single most influential person in history because he helped establish the basis of modern philosophical empiricismRead More John Locke Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Locke John Locke is considered to be England’s most prominent philosopher. He was born August 29, 1632 in a small town of Somerset, which is south of Bristol, England. Locke was the oldest of three children. His mother died when he was 22 years old and Locke spoke of her very well. Locke’s father was a Puritan attorney and clerk to a justice of the peace in the town where Locke was born. He was very strict with his son when he was younger. which Locke later believed that parents shouldRead MoreJohn Locke s Views On Education879 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Locke was a philosopher, doctor and political theorists of the 17th century. He was one of the founders of the school of thought known as British Empiricism. Mr. Locke made foundational contributions to modern theories of limited, liberal government. He was also influential in the areas of theology, religious toleration, and educational theory. During his services at Shaftesbury, John Locke had been writing. He published all of his most significant works within six years of following his returnRead MoreEssay on Philosophy 101710 Words   |  3 Pagesnot the origin. There has been many debates over the issue. I choose to use simple logic and reasoning close to the same as John Locke would of thought and try to make a reasonable agreement. John Locke was known as an empiricists epistemologists whose essay has puzzled many minds and made many observations into the human knowledge. Even though many consider John Locke a failure there are a ton more who consider him a brilliant mind. â€Å"Though the qualities that affect our senses are, in the thingsRead MoreThe Philosophy of John Locke Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the philosophy of John Locke, Johnathan’s knowledge did not come from innate ideas or principles, but rather from experiences and sensations. Although John Locke’s thoughts were monumental, flaws exist in the rejection of innate ideas. John Locke begins his argument with a weighty dismissal. Contending innate, or inborn, ideas do not exist. In essence, Locke claims that humans set out as empty cabinets. As time progresses human sensations fill the emptiness with ideas that are then named. FurthermoreRead MoreOf John Locke And Marsela From Miguel De Cervantes Don Quixote950 Words   |  4 Pagesusually do not correlate Marsela with John Locke, the famous english philosopher. Marsela is known for her undefeated beauty as a shepherd, whereas John Locke is better known for his theory of the human mind as it has been discussed by many people over the years. If John Locke is also one of the shepherds in the novel, he will not be attracted to Marcela’s beauty. Through John Locke’s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, he is going to criticize the idea of beauty, Marcela’s funeral speech, andRead MoreJohn Locke : The Most Influential Philosophical And Political Thinker917 Words   |  4 PagesThe Key to Locke John Locke â€Å"proved to be the most influential philosophical and political thinker of the seventeenth century† (Kagen 213). He lived in a period of great political change; Locke’s upbringing came to influence his philosophies, and these ideas had much significance in regards to the Enlightenment. Locke was born on August 29, 1632 in Wrington, Somerset (John Locke 9: 478). Early on came the outbreak of the English Civil War. Anglican and possessing Puritan sympathies, Locke’s fatherRead MoreEssay on Descartes vs Locke1257 Words   |  6 PagesThe study of knowledge, or epistemology, contains theoretical methods in which information is learned. Of these methods, there are two that are most widely accepted. Rationalism and empiricism are also the most widely debated methods of knowledge. Rationalism claims that a priori processes and intuition gain knowledge. Rationalism claims that knowledge is innate; but that it varies among humans. At the other end of the spectrum, empiricism claims that knowledge is gained largely by experience, observationRead MoreBusiness Ethics: John Locke Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness Ethics: John Locke Business Ethics Business ethics is defined as â€Å"a specialized study of moral right and wrong that focusses on moral standards as they apply to business institutions, organizations, and behavior† (Velasquez, 2014, p.15). Business ethics is the study of moral standards that focusses primarily on how these standards may apply to social systems and/or organizations. For this paper I will be focusing on one of the great minds of business ethics, John Locke, his ideas and contributionsRead More Poes Fall of The House of Usher Essay: Beyond Empiricism and Transcendentalism1482 Words   |  6 Pages     Ã‚   When Edgar Allan Poe wrote The Fall of the House of Usher, two factors greatly influenced his writing. A first influence was John Lockes idea of Empiricism, which was the idea that all knowledge was gained by experiences, exclusively through the senses. A second vital influence was Transcendentalism, which was a reaction to Empiricism.   While John Locke believed that reality or truth was constituted by the material world and by the senses, Transcendentalists believed that reality and truth

Social Learning Psychology Free Essays

In the beginning of Psychology, an individual would be studied taking into consideration and believing that s/he is acting alone. However, in the rising of Psychology, researchers stated the importance of the social context and that it can have a major effect on the behavior of an individual. The Sociocultural level of Analysis studies the behavior of the individual not based on his biological processes but based on the social context s/he belongs to and how the society has affected the actions of the individual. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning: Psychology or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the most important theories under the Sociocultural level of Analysis is the social learning theory which was developed by Albert Bandura. The social learning theory explains that behavior is learnt by observing others. The theory states that people learn behavior through observational learning of social factors in environment. When people observe positive and desirable outcomes from a specific behavior, they are most likely to imitate and adopt that behavior. Bandura stated that individuals observe behavior of others and see whether they are awarded or punished for that specific behavior. When they are awarded or even when the behaviors aren’t punished, the individual is most likely going to imitate the behavior. There are four different types of modeling, where modeling merans observing and imitating a behavior. The first type of modeling is direct modeling and it’s the simple imitation of a single behavior. The second type of modeling is the synthesized modeling which is the combination of more than one observed acts in order to create new complex behavior. The symbolic modeling is when real life human models are replaced by characters and finally the abstract modeling is the process of inferring the system of rules that underlie complex behaviors. Modeling which is observing and imitating behavior is made of four different steps. The first step is attention which is the process of observing a specific behavior. Afterwards there’s retention which is the process of creating schemata for the observed behavior. Then, there’s the step of motoric reproduction of the observed behavior and the last step is motivation which is having a reason or a motive to adopt and imitate the same behavior that was observed. The social learning theory is connected with various principles under the sociocultural level of analysis. The first principle to which it is connected is the principle that states that humans are social animals and that they need to belong in a social group. For example when there’s a social group that has a specific characteristic in their behavior that distincts this group from the rest, then in order to belong to this group you need to observe their behavior and imitate it. The second principle to which the social learning theory is connected, is the principle that states that culture affects behavior through norms. Therefore, the individual depending on the culture s/he belongs to observes the behavior of the majority which represents the norms of the society and by observing this behavior s/he imitates it since these norms are acceptable in the society. A specific study conducted based on the social learning theory is the research study conducted by Bandura et al. Bandura supported that aggression is learnt from environment through observational learning and imitation and he wanted to conduct the â€Å"Bobo Doll experiment† in order to test this. The aim of the experiment was to see whether children will imitate aggressive behavior when they will have observed it and whether in the imitation the same sex models have any importance. The procedure that he followed was that he made groups of students of 36 girls and 36 boys with an age between 3 and 6. Children were matched based on their aggression as it was reported by their parents and other family members. One group was exposed to adult models who showed aggressive behavior on a bobo doll , another group observed an adult who showed no aggressive behavior on the bobo doll and that person was assembling the toys for around 10 minutes and then there was a third group which was the control group and they did not see any aggressive behavior. It is important to be stated that some children observed same sex adults and some opposite sex adults. After the observance of the behavior the children went in a room full of toys and they were told that they should not play with the toys since they were for other children and then they were put in a room with a bobo doll. Bandura et al observed that the children who had observed an aggressive behavior behaved more aggressively both physically and verbally. Bandura stated that social learning was demonstrated in the study , since the subjects showed observational learning through the imitation of behavior of the adult and depending on what the subjects observed, an aggressive or non aggressive behavior they simply imitate that behavior when they are in a similar situation with the adult which was having the bobo doll in the room. The experiment conducted by Bandura had various strengths and limitations. One of the strengths is the fact that there was a high control of the variables and it can give a cause and effect relationship. Another strength is the fact that the experiment was replicable and actually showed that those children that observed the aggressive behavior, they imitated it. A limitation is that the experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions and the the study lacks of ecological validity. Another limitation is that it’s not obvious whether the children were showing an aggressive behavior or just a harmless play with the bobo doll. Also many ethical issues arise since the children where not allowed to play with the toys in the beginning which caused frustration of the subjects. The social learning theory has had applications in the every day life of the individuals. Through the social learning theory, people can understand the importance of their social background on their own behaviour, since behaviour of human beings is not studied separately anymore, but also taking into consideration the social context, since someone can observe and imitate behaviour within the society. It can also provide with possible explanations for the existence of phobias and eating disorders and that by observing an individual with an eating disorder for example you will probably find out that s/he is the center of attention of others and since the result is quite desirable to a really big number of people, it is most probable that they will imitate the behaviour which led to this outcome. Similarly, the social learning theory can help in the education and the interaction between the teacher and the students. When a student does not have an appropriate behaviour and the teacher always makes remarks of that student and that s/he should stop having that behaviour, if the behaviour is not punished by the teacher along with being the center of attention because of the continuous remarks of the teacher, it will make other students imitate the observed behaviour which has favourable outcomes to a really big number of them. How to cite Social Learning: Psychology, Papers

Competitive Eating Exposed free essay sample

It is a muggy July day in a packed amusement park in New York. Thousands of people are crowding around to catch just a second of the next twelve minutes. The smell of hotdogs and lemonade is more abundant that any of the other smells at this time. This is July 4 at Coney Island. The Nathan’s Famous Hotdog Eating Contest is about to start. In the next twelve minutes over sixty people will eat at least ten hotdog and as many as sixty! Competitive eating is an exciting sport that anyone can take part in. There are many organizations for competitive eating, but the most famous is the International Federation of Competitive Eating or IFOCE. There are many events each year. The foods eaten at the event will vary for each event. In New Orleans, there is an oyster eating contest. In Philadelphia, there is a very famous chicken wing eating contest. We will write a custom essay sample on Competitive Eating Exposed or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are two different types of events. There are events with set time limits and events with set food amounts. In the first there is a set amount of time and the eater sees how much they can eat in the time limit. The Nathan’s Famous Hotdog Eating Contest has a set time limit. An eater has twelve minutes to eat a lot of hotdogs. The latter of the events has a set food amount; this means that the eater sees how fast they can eat an amount of food. In the ‘90s, when competitive eating was only famous on extreme sports channels in Japan, an American eater was invited to Japan to take part in an interesting challenge. He was taken into a room and was given 30 square feet of sushi arranged in a line. He ate the sushi in a little over thirty minutes. In New Orleans another event with a set time limit took place. At Acme, a seafood restaurant, oysters on the half shell were being sold a $.50 a piece. Crazy Legs Conti, a local eater, went there and ate over two hundred oyster s. His picture and his record can still be seen framed on the walls. The rules of the sport are very simple and can be explained in three words. The slogan â€Å"Eat Lots Fast† summarizes the rules is a very important phrase for some eaters. The contestant wants to eat as much as they can. If they throw up, they are disqualified. After the event an eater is on the honor system, if they want to throw up they can, but that is cheating and God knows. Before last year, the world of competitive eating was dominated by one man. This man was the Japanese Takeru Kabayashi. Kobayashi is one of the greatest competitive eater ever. In the 2005 Nathan’s Famous Hotdog Eating Contest he ate 56? hotdogs. This was a personal best and beat the world record set by him the last year. The closest person to him was Sonya Thomas who ate almost 35 hotdogs. One reason Kobayashi eats so quickly is his technique. He eats two at a time. He grabs two hotdogs and rips them in half. The two halves in his right hand he dips in lemonade and eats in one bite. He repeats this process with the two halves in his left hand. Another reason he was so unbeatable last year was that while he ate he was constantly shaking his body from side to side. This movement is referred to as the Kobayashi shake. By shaking his stomach while he eats, the food in the stomach is compressed to create more room for more hotdogs. It was also rumored that before the eat-off he ran twenty mile and ate nothing so that he would have all the room in his stomach and no fat on him. One would think that in competitive eating your size would not matter, but in actuality it matters as much as it does in other sports. According to the â€Å"Belt of Fat Theory,† the stomach can expand until the skin on the outside of the body cannot expand anymore. If this is true, then an eater does not want anything to interfere with the expansion of the stomach. Fat will get in the way of the stomach’s expansions ca using the eater to get full quicker. This year Kobayashi was defeated. In his second year as an eater, American Joey Chestnut ate 66? hotdogs; Kobayashi ate 65. Before the eat-off Kobayashi said that he was having jaw problems and may not be able to perform at his best. Would Kobayashi have been able to eat 67 hotdogs if he had been in perfect condition? No one knows. If Kobayashi ate 67, would Chestnut have been able to respond and eat 68? No one knows. Jaw problems aside, the 2008 Hotdog Eating Contest will be one worth watching. Competitive eating is the quickest growing sport in the United States. It is quite simple and most people practice more than once a day. Watching the events are very exciting and when someone watches the events they might be watching history since a record is set a almost every event. This year’s Hotdog Eating Contest had a huge record shattering result. It was also exciting to watch someone who the year before ate twelve hotdogs beat someone who ate fifty in 2007. Competitive eating is an exciting sport that everyone can take part in.

Mirage by Camel free essay sample

The only band that comes close to Pink Floyd style. Camel is a band much like everyone except Rush, comes from the UK and was in the classic prog rock era of the 70s. Mirage is one of their most popular albums of all time, if not, the one. Mirage also brings something interesting to the table as well, using more instrumental sessions and creating a more desert atmosphere that no one else could pull off. 7 tracks are what it take for this album and most range in the five/six minute range but one is about nine minutes and the last track, Lady Fantasy, is 28 minutes long making for one heck of an epic. You may notice the high level of repeating segments and riffs in this album as well, especially in Lady Fantasy, but that just adds to the atmosphere but that much more. I dont see that issue if you have it. We will write a custom essay sample on Mirage by Camel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you like reading, especially the Kane Chronicles by Rick Riordan, you will love this as a backdrop for your reading so try it out sometime. But if you dont just listen to it and all its glory, and theres alot if glory in this album. I have to firmly give this a clean 8.5/10. I am the Grim Reaper, signing off.

Free Essays on Emerson And The Soul

Emerson and the Soul I agree with Emerson when he writes about â€Å"the soul† and his ideal that there exists a unanimous connection throughout man’s value system. Our actions and decisions in making moral choices are combined and interwoven to compose the soul. The soul exists in every facet of life and is even found in the very basics of government and law. The idea of the soul is evident in and greatly influences religion and faith. It is inherent in the morals of all men, therefore there is truth to the existence of the soul. Emerson writes of the soul; â€Å"†¦that Unity, that Soul, within which every man’s particular being is contained and made one with all other; that common heart, of which all sincere conversation is the worship, to which all right action is submission; that overpowering reality which confutes our tricks and talents, and constrains every one to pass for what he is, and to speak from his character, and not from his tongue, and which evermore tends to pa ss into our thought and hand, and become wisdom, and virtue, and power, and beauty. In this quote, Emerson says that the common instinct instilled in man lets him see the truth for himself. Man has to look past all of the tricks and constraints of society and see what truth really exist. This reality found from the shared soul, is the purest form of truth. All men have this ability to perceive the truth, and a common knowledge of goodness unites and unifies us all. Man’s instinctive actions in making moral choices are all part of the soul. Man can perceive that which is ultimately good, only if he looks past the set laws and dogmas of the majority. It is true that all men have certain inherent morals. These morals that uniquely define man, are what separates us from the rest of the animal kingdom. Man knows how to act within socially acceptable standards while animals do not have any social standards. This human characteristic to distinguish between what is ... Free Essays on Emerson And The Soul Free Essays on Emerson And The Soul Emerson and the Soul I agree with Emerson when he writes about â€Å"the soul† and his ideal that there exists a unanimous connection throughout man’s value system. Our actions and decisions in making moral choices are combined and interwoven to compose the soul. The soul exists in every facet of life and is even found in the very basics of government and law. The idea of the soul is evident in and greatly influences religion and faith. It is inherent in the morals of all men, therefore there is truth to the existence of the soul. Emerson writes of the soul; â€Å"†¦that Unity, that Soul, within which every man’s particular being is contained and made one with all other; that common heart, of which all sincere conversation is the worship, to which all right action is submission; that overpowering reality which confutes our tricks and talents, and constrains every one to pass for what he is, and to speak from his character, and not from his tongue, and which evermore tends to pa ss into our thought and hand, and become wisdom, and virtue, and power, and beauty. In this quote, Emerson says that the common instinct instilled in man lets him see the truth for himself. Man has to look past all of the tricks and constraints of society and see what truth really exist. This reality found from the shared soul, is the purest form of truth. All men have this ability to perceive the truth, and a common knowledge of goodness unites and unifies us all. Man’s instinctive actions in making moral choices are all part of the soul. Man can perceive that which is ultimately good, only if he looks past the set laws and dogmas of the majority. It is true that all men have certain inherent morals. These morals that uniquely define man, are what separates us from the rest of the animal kingdom. Man knows how to act within socially acceptable standards while animals do not have any social standards. This human characteristic to distinguish between what is ...

Development of Computers and the impacts on society through the time Essay

Development of Computers and the impacts on society through the time - Essay Example Many use computers to search for information, read, send or receive emails, or even pay bills among others (Morley and Charles 53). Computers have influenced the quality and structure of work and some people believe that they have significantly contributed to the emergence of post-industrial society (Edwards 13). This paper focuses on the development of computers and how they have affected individuals’ lives and activities and the society as a whole. The word computer was first used in 1613 to describe a human who performed calculations and this definition remained the same until the end of 19th C when individuals began to realize that machines perform calculations faster and more accurately as compared to humans. The first electronic digital computer introduced in 1950’s used vacuum tubes, followed by the computers that used transistors (Jain 1). Notably, the first computing machine was created by British mathematician, Charles Babbage in 1882 and his great inventions made him to known as the father of the computer. He suggested and started developing the Difference Engine which is believed to be the first automatic computing engine that was able to compute various sets of numbers and producing hard copies of the results. Actually, his idea was not really to create what we refer to as computers but to create a machine that would compute mathematical problems. Babbage was fed up with human errors in computing math problem s and so he was focused to come up with an infallible math machine. Later on, he proposed the first general mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine, which became the first machine that resembles today’s modern computers. It could keep data safely and had some features used in today’s computer language. Moreover, basic concepts of the stored program computer were developed during this period (Hyman 164). The Analytical Engine comprised